MOTS-c10mg–40mg
$55Lyophilized MOTS-c supplied as a research reference standard.
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Example Certificate of Analysis
Certificate of Analysis
MOTS-c
Lot Number
EXAMPLE-LOT
Purity (HPLC)
≥99%
Nominal Fill
10mg
Illustrative example of the certificate format issued for this compound. Purity and specification figures are the published values for MOTS-c; the lot number and test date are placeholders, not a real result. The certificate for the specific lot you receive is matched to the lot number printed on the vial. For laboratory research use only.
Characteristics
| Molecular Formula | C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂ |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 1627580-64-6 |
| Molar Mass | 2174.60 g/mol |
| Amino Acid Sequence | Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg (16 amino acids) |
| Synonyms | MOTS-c, Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c |
| Physical Form | Lyophilized powder |
| Solubility | Soluble in water and DMSO |
| Organoleptic Profile | White to off-white lyophilized powder; odorless |
| Purity | ≥98% by HPLC |
| Storage Conditions | Store lyophilized at -20°C; reconstituted solution stable at 2-8°C for up to 7 days |
How is MOTS-c used in research?
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA type-c) is a 16-amino acid peptide encoded by the mitochondrial genome, discovered by Lee and colleagues at the University of Southern California in 2015. It was the first mitochondrial-derived peptide shown to have systemic metabolic effects, representing a paradigm shift in understanding mitochondrial signaling. MOTS-c is encoded within the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA and is one of several mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) that function as retrograde signals from mitochondria to the nucleus and other cellular compartments.
The primary in-vitro effects of MOTS-c involve activation of the AMPK (5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway, a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. Research has characterized MOTS-c for glucose-uptake and fatty-acid-oxidation assay markers in rodent cell-culture models of metabolic-parameter research. The peptide has been described as an "exercise mimetic" due to its ability to activate metabolic pathways that are typically stimulated by physical exercise, including AMPK-dependent and folate-methionine cycle pathways.
More recent research has revealed that MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus under conditions of metabolic stress, where it regulates gene expression through interaction with antioxidant response elements (AREs). Studies have also identified correlations between circulating MOTS-c levels and physical fitness, aging, and metabolic disease states, suggesting a role as a mitochondrial-encoded hormone (mitokine) that communicates cellular metabolic status to systemic physiology.
Areas of Study
Mitochondrial Function
First mitochondrial-derived peptide shown to have systemic effects; represents retrograde mitochondrial-to-nuclear signaling.
Metabolic Regulation
Characterized in preclinical cell-culture models for glucose-uptake and fatty-acid-oxidation assay markers through AMPK pathway activation.
Exercise Mimetic Research
Activates metabolic pathways typically stimulated by physical exercise, including AMPK-dependent energy homeostasis mechanisms.
AMPK Signaling
Central mechanism involves activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase, a master regulator of cellular energy balance.
Aging & Mitokine Biology
Circulating levels correlate with age and metabolic health, suggesting a role as a mitochondrial-encoded hormonal signal.
References
- [1]Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, et al. (2015). The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism, 21(3), 443-454.
- [2]Kim SJ, Xiao J, Wan J, et al. (2017). Mitochondrial-derived peptides as novel regulators of metabolism. Journal of Physiology, 595(21), 6613-6621.
- [3]Reynolds JC, Lai RW, Woodhead JST, et al. (2021). MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis. Nature Communications, 12(1), 470.
- [4]Kim KH, Son JM, Benayoun BA, Lee C. (2018). The mitochondrial-encoded peptide MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus to regulate nuclear gene expression in response to metabolic stress. Cell Metabolism, 28(3), 516-524.
Disclaimer: Information provided for research reference only; not medical advice. Sold strictly for in-vitro research use.
Certificate of Analysis
Third-party verified
Every batch of MOTS-c is independently tested by an A2LA-accredited (ISO 17025:2017) laboratory using HPLC-UV/VIS for purity and identity, with a batch-specific lot number. Results are published publicly.
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Questions
Everything on purity, paperwork, shipping and the research-use-only terms. Still stuck? Read the full FAQ.
What does research use only mean?
Every compound we supply is a reference standard intended strictly for in-vitro laboratory research. It is not a drug or a supplement, and it is not for human or veterinary use, nor for diagnostic or therapeutic use.
How is purity verified?
Every lot is assayed by HPLC at an independent, accredited third-party laboratory. We publish the resulting Certificate of Analysis and link it to the lot number printed on the vial.
Where do I find the Certificate of Analysis?
Every lot has a public, batch-linked COA. Browse them all on the COA page, or open any product page and use the COA tab for that specific compound.
How quickly do orders ship?
Orders placed before 2PM EST ship the same business day. Shipments are cold-packed where required and fully tracked.
Do you ship internationally?
We currently ship within the United States. Requests from institutional buyers outside the US are handled case by case, so contact us before ordering.
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